Summarized from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Addison
Thomas Addison (April, 1793 - June 29, 1860) was a renowned 19th-century English physician and scientist. He is traditionally regarded as one of the "great men" of Guy's Hospital in London.
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Thanks to his teachers, Addison became fascinated by diseases of the skin (dermatology). This fascination, which lasted the rest of his life, led him to be the first to describe the changes in skin pigmentation typical of what is now called Addison's disease.
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Addison is known today for describing a remarkably wide range of diseases. His name has entered into the annals of medicine and is part of the name of a number of medical disorders, including:
- Addison's disease, sometime called bronze skin disease - progressive destruction of the adrenal glands with the result being deficiency of secretion of adrenocortical hormones. Addison described this condition in his 1855 publication: On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules.
- Addisonian crisis (or Addison's crisis) - an acute, life-threatening crisis caused by Addison's disease.
- Addisonism - a set of symptoms resembling Addison's disease but not due to Addison's disease, that is, not due to any disease of the adrenal glands.
- Addisonian anemia or Addison-Biermer disease - now synonymous with pernicious anemia which involves Vitamin B12 deficiency.
- Addison-Schilder syndrome is a metabolic disorder combining the characteristics of Addison’s disease (bronze skin disease) and cerebral sclerosis Also known as Adrenoleukodystrophy.
Addison gave one of the first adequate accounts of appendicitis and wrote a valuable study of the actions of poisons. He also made seminal contributions to the recognition and understanding of many other diseases, including;
- Alibert's disease I - a skin disease characterized by pinkish patches, bordered by a purplish halo
- Allgrove's syndrome - a congenital defect in lacrimation
- Rayer's disease - a disorder characterized by depigmented patches of skin, jaundice, and enlargement of the liver and spleen
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